Facial recognition AI has emerged as a powerful tool for emotion detection and characterization. By analyzing facial expressions and other facial features, this technology can identify and interpret emotional states in individuals, providing valuable insights into their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. This review paper examines the evolution of facial recognition technology, the methods and techniques for emotion detection via facial recognition, the challenges and limitations of this technology, and the ethical and privacy concerns associated with its use. The evolution of facial recognition technology is traced from early manual processes to modern, highly sophisticated AI-based algorithms. The development of deep learning and neural networks has revolutionized the accuracy and effectiveness of facial recognition AI, allowing for more precise emotion detection and characterization. Methods and techniques for emotion detection via facial recognition are discussed in detail, including the use of facial landmarks, geometric features, and machine learning algorithms. The challenges and limitations of facial recognition-based emotion detection are explored, including issues related to accuracy and bias. While facial recognition AI has come a long way in recent years, it is still prone to errors and biases, particularly when it comes to recognizing emotions in diverse populations. This means that caution must be exercised when using the technology, particularly in decision-making processes where accuracy is paramount. Ethical and privacy concerns associated with facial recognition-based emotion detection are also discussed. The potential for misuse and surveillance of personal data is a significant concern, as is the risk that the technology could be used to make decisions about individuals without their knowledge or consent. These issues must be addressed in order to ensure that facial recognition-based emotion detection is used in a responsible and ethical manner. Finally, the review paper examines the future directions and opportunities for facial recognition-based emotion detection. While there are still significant challenges to be addressed, the potential applications of this technology are vast, including in the fields of healthcare, marketing, education, and security.

Facial recognition; Emotion detection; Artificial intelligence; Ethics; Privacy concerns