The design and characterization of a miniaturized W-band broadband monopole antenna-on-chip (AOC) are discussed in this paper. This research also discusses the design and characterization of a four-element monopole antenna array for integrated wireless sensor networks. The antenna is implemented using CMOS technology with a resolution of 130 nm. A hexagonal grid structure is used in the top metal layer to achieve miniaturization, while an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) ground plane is used in the bottom metal layer. The reflection phase bandwidth of the AMC, which ranges from 71 to 91 GHz, is 20 GHz. The hexagonal grid allows for a 16.2% reduction in antenna length in comparison to a simple monopole while still maintaining impedance match. The optimal design occupies a space of 367 m by 194.2 m (or 0.1 x 0.052) at 81 GHz. The experiments' findings have shown that the antenna has a fractional impedance bandwidth of 31.5% between 75 and 103 GHz. The antenna's maximum broadside gain in the broadside direction is -0.35 dBi at 85 GHz. Due to its modest size, this work delivers the smallest recorded AOC for W-band operation with a reasonable gain, making it appropriate for integration into radar and communication systems.

artificial magnetic conductor (AMC), antenna-on-chip (AOC), Miniaturized Broadband Monopole Antenna, wireless sensor networks